Crirec

• Abrasive polisher : A machine used to remove
bran from brown rice, using abrasive action between
the kernel and the emery stone. Also called
whitener.
• Aspiration : A process of cleaning by moving a
large volume of air through a thin layer of grain,
to separate particles lighter in weight than grain.
• Aspirator : Machine used to separate particles
lighter than grain by moving air through a thin layer
of grain.
• Bran : The outer covering of rice kernel after the
husk is removed. It is removed during polishing.
• Bran stabilisation : Heat or other treatment given
to Rice bran to stop deterioration of its oil.
• Brokens : Pieces of the rice kernel that are less
than three fourths the size of the full kernel.
• Brown rice : Dehusked rice grain obtained after
dehusking paddy. Also called unpolished rice,
dehusked rice.
• Carborundum : An artificial abrasive, whose hardness
is about two and a half times that of emery.
Chemically it is silicon carbide.
• Chalky grain : Kernel of grain which has some
portion as opaque or milky white in appearance.
• Cyclone separator : Large, round, tank-like structure,
usually metallic, used to separate particles
carried in an air stream.
• Degree of polishing : Expression used to indicate
the amount of bran removed in the milling process.
Represents per cent by weight of brown rice
removed as a fine powder during polishing. Also
referred to as degree of milling.
• Dehusking : The process of removing husk from
paddy during milling. Also called shelling.
• Destoner : A machine that separates stones from
grain. Usually used to separate stones of same size
as the grain.
• Discoloured grains : Paddy or rice grains, which
have changed to yellowish or brownish or black
colour because of heat or insect damage during
storage.
• Dockage : Chaff, immature grains, other seeds,
sand, stones or other impurities found in a sample
of grain.
• Drying : The process of reducing the moisture
content in the grain.
• Dunnage : Wooden frames used on concrete
floors for stacking bags of grain. It prevents direct
contact between the grain and the floor.
• Emery : Naturally available abrasive material used
in some shellers and polishers.
• Foreign matter : Materials such as stones, sand,
chaff, straw or other seeds, mixed with the paddy
or rice.
• Friction polisher : Equipment used to polish brown
rice using friction between the rice grains. Also
called pearler.
• Fumigation : The process of using gaseous
chemicals to control insects in grain.
• Grading : The separation of broken rice grains
from unbroken rice and separation of brokens of
different sizes.
• Head rice : The karnels of milled rice which are
three-fourths the size of full rice or longer.
• Head yield : The amount of head rice obtained
when paddy is milled. It is the total rice minus the
brokens.
• Holding capacity : The amount of paddy a dryer
or a bin can hold. It is not necessarily the drying
capacity nor the through put capacity of the dryer.
For example, a continuous flow dryer may have a
6 tonne holding capacity, a 12 tonne through put
capacity, and an average drying capacity of 2
tonnes per hour.
• Hull : See husk.
• Huller : Engelberg huller, widely used as a small
capacity rice mill. Removes both husk and bran
from paddy in one operation.
• Husk : Outer covering of the paddy grain. Also
called hulls.

• Immature grains : Paddy grains which are not fully
developed, usually green and thinner and lighter
compared to a fully mature grain.
• Ksc : Kilogram per square centimeter.
• Milled rice : Rice obtained from paddy after the
husk and bran have been removed. Also called
polished rice.
• Milling : A general term representing the process
of converting paddy into rice. Sometimes the term
refers specifically to the act of bran removal, i.e.
polishing.
• Milling yield : The amount of milled rice obtained
from paddy after the milling process. When used
as a general term, it means brown rice yield, total
milled rice yield and head rice yield.
• Moisture content : Amount of water in the grain.
Expressed as a per cent based on wet or dry
matter.
• Paddy separator : machine used to separate the
mixtue of paddy and brown rice obtained after
shelling.
• Parboiled rice : Rice obtained from paddy that had
been soaked, then steamed and then dried.
• Pearling : See polishing.
• Polishing : The process of removal of bran from
brown rice. Also called whitening, pearling, milling.
• Raw Rice : Rice milled from paddy which has not
been parboiled.
• Sample divider : Laboratory device to prepare
small representative samples from a larger lot.
• Scalping : Rough cleaning of paddy removes most
foreign matter prior to drying and storage.
• Screen : A sieve. A perforated metal sheet having
round, oblong or rectangular opening or wire mash
having square or rectangular openings.
• Sheller : Machine used to remove husk from
paddy.
• Shelling : The process of removing husk from
paddy. See dehusking.
• Sifter : Machine used for sieving impurities smaller
or larger than paddy grains.
• Tempering : Temporarily holding the paddy between
drying passes. It allows the moisture content
in the centre of the grain to diffuse to the surface
and the moisture to get equalised throughout. Total
milling yield / total rice, including head rice and
broken rice milled from paddy. Usually expressed
as per cent of paddy milled.
• White belly : Chalky portions in the milled rice
kernel.
• Whitening : See polishing.

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